The American Heart Association issued a stark warning Tuesday about the compounded dangers of wildfire smoke and extreme summer heat, particularly for individuals with cardiovascular conditions. As Canadian wildfire smoke drifts into parts of the United States and temperatures soar, the organization emphasizes that the dual threat can trigger serious heart events, even in people without known health issues.
“Extreme heat and wildfire smoke each carry major risks, especially for people with chronic health conditions including heart disease. The combination of the two is extremely dangerous,” said Dr. Manesh R. Patel, volunteer president of the American Heart Association and chief of cardiology at Duke University School of Medicine. “We want people to be mindful of the increased risk and take steps to protect themselves and their loved ones.”
While respiratory problems are often the primary concern with wildfire smoke, Patel stressed the significant cardiovascular impact. Fine particulate matter in smoke can enter the bloodstream, exacerbating existing heart conditions and potentially triggering events like heart attacks or strokes. A study published in Circulation, the association’s flagship journal, found that the risk of fatal heart attacks nearly doubled during days of extreme heat combined with high fine particle pollution, with women and older adults facing even greater risks.
Research has also linked smoke exposure to increased rates of sudden cardiac arrest. A study in the Journal of the American Heart Association reported that heavy wildfire smoke raised the risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests by up to 70%, affecting both men and women, adults aged 35-64, and communities with lower socioeconomic status. Additionally, emergency room visits for ischemic heart disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, pulmonary embolism, and stroke have been shown to rise during wildfire events.
To mitigate these dangers, the American Heart Association recommends staying indoors with doors and windows closed, using high-efficiency air filters, and limiting outdoor activities, especially between noon and 3 p.m. when heat peaks. If going outside is unavoidable, wearing a mask, staying hydrated with water (avoiding alcohol and caffeine), and taking breaks in cool areas are advised. Checking on older adults and those with chronic conditions is crucial, as is recognizing signs of a heart attack—such as chest discomfort, shortness of breath, or nausea—and calling 911 immediately.
Dr. Patel also highlighted the importance of monitoring local air quality using resources like airnow.gov and staying informed about health department alerts. “Protect yourself, be alert and prepared,” he said. “It could be the difference in saving your life or that of someone you love.”
